Sep 20, · The Carson City School District’s Board of Trustees is pleased to sponsor the 20th Annual American Citizen Essay Contest. Completed essays are due to the Carson City School District at West Sep 18, · To qualify for funding, an organization is required to submit a complete online application to Douglas County by PM October 15, Applications received incomplete or after the due date Sep 01, · Douglas Glover is the author of five story collections, four novels, four collections of literary nonfiction. Between and , he published the online monthly magazine Numéro Cinq. His novel Elle won the Governor-General’s Award for Fiction in Canada and was a finalist for the Impac Dublin Literary Award
Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig - Wikipedia
During the First World Warhe commanded the British Expeditionary Tommy douglas essay BEF on the Western Front from late until the end of the war. He was commander during the Battle of the Sommethe Battle of Arrasthe Third Battle of Ypresthe German Spring Offensivetommy douglas essay, and the Hundred Days Offensive. Although he had gained a favourable reputation during the immediate post-war years, with his funeral becoming a day of tommy douglas essay mourning, Haig has, since the s, become an object of criticism for his leadership during the First World War.
Conversely, he led the BEF during the final Hundred Days Offensive when it crossed the Canal du Nord and broke through the Hindenburg linecapturingGerman prisoners. This campaign, in combination with the Kiel mutinythe Wilhelmshaven mutinythe proclamation of a republic on 9 Novemberand civil unrest across Germany, led to the armistice of 11 November It is considered by some historians to be one of the greatest victories ever achieved by a British-led army.
Major-General Sir John Davidsonone of Haig's biographers, praised Haig's leadership, and since the s many historians have argued that the public hatred in which Haig's name had come to be held failed to recognise the adoption of new tactics and technologies by forces under his command, tommy douglas essay, the important role played by British forces in the allied victory ofand that high casualties were a consequence of the tactical and strategic realities of the time.
Haig was born in a house on Charlotte SquareEdinburghbut with postal address 19 Hope Street, the side street to the south-west; a plaque exists. Haig's education began in as a boarder at Mr Bateson's School in Clifton Bank, tommy douglas essay, St Andrews. Later inhe switched to Edinburgh Collegiate Schooland then in to Orwell House, a preparatory school in Warwickshire.
He then attended Clifton College. After a tour of the United States with his brother, Haig studied Political Economy, Ancient History and French Literature at Brasenose College, Oxford— He devoted much of his time to socialising — he was a member of the Bullingdon Club — and equestrian sports.
He was one of the best young horsemen at Oxford and quickly found his way into the University polo team. Although he passed his final exam at Oxford a requirement for university applicants to Sandhursthe was not eligible for a degree as he had missed a term's residence due to sickness, and if he had stayed for longer he would have been above the age limit 23 to begin officer training at the Royal Military College at Sandhurstwhich he entered in January Because he had been to university, Haig was considerably older than most of his class at Sandhurst.
He was Senior Under-Officer, was awarded the Anson Swordtommy douglas essay, and passed out first in the order of merit. Early in his military career, Haig played polo for England on a tour of the United States August He would remain a polo enthusiast all his life, serving as Chairman of the Hurlingham Polo Committee from its reorganization in May until He would also be President of the Army Polo Committee and founder of the Indian Polo Association.
Haig then saw overseas service in India sent out Novemberwhere he was appointed tommy douglas essay regiment's adjutant in He was promoted to captain on 23 January Haig left India in November to prepare for the entrance exam for the Staff College, Camberley, which he sat in June Although he was placed in the top 28 candidates the number of places awarded by exam he was not awarded a place as he had narrowly failed the compulsory mathematics paper.
He concealed this failure for the rest of his life [33] and later circa recommended dropping the mathematics paper as a requirement. It has been postulated that Buller was looking for a rationale colour blindness, the mathematics exam in order to give a place to an infantry officer. Haig returned briefly to India taking time on his way to write a forty-page report on French cavalry manoeuvres in Touraine as second-in-command of the squadron which he had himself commanded inthen returned to the United Kingdom as Aide-de-camp to Sir Keith Fraser, Inspector General of Cavalry.
While waiting to take up his place, tommy douglas essay, he travelled to Germany to report on cavalry manoeuvres there, and also served as staff officer to Colonel John French whom he had met in November whilst French was Commanding Officer of the 19th Hussars on manoeuvres. The careers of French and Haig were to be entwined for the next twenty-five years, and Haig helped French write the cavalry drillbook, published Haig entered Staff College, Camberley inwhere he was apparently not popular with his peer group.
For example, they chose Allenby as Master of the Drag Huntdespite Haig being the better rider. Henderson, and completed the course, leaving in Some writers e.
Travers have criticised Camberley for its old-fashioned curriculum, which especially influenced Haig, as he was an absorber of doctrine rather than an original thinker. Haig was taught that victory must come from defeating the main enemy army tommy douglas essay battle, tommy douglas essay, and that as in Napoleonic warfareattrition the "wearing out fight" was merely a prelude to the commitment of reserves for a decisive battlefield victory; traces of this tommy douglas essay can be seen at Loos and the Somme.
Great emphasis was placed on morale and mobility, and on Murat 's cavalry pursuit after Napoleon 's Jena campaign of Although the American Tommy douglas essay War was studied, the emphasis was on Stonewall Jackson 's mobile campaign in the Shenandoah Valleyrather than on the more attritional nature of that war.
In early January Haig was picked by Evelyn Wood now Adjutant-General as one of three recent staff college graduates requested by Kitchener for a campaign in the Mahdist War in the Sudan.
Haig needed little encouragement to privately criticise his superiors — he was especially critical of Kitchener's dictatorial habits. The plan had been for him to train and take command of an Egyptian cavalry squadron, but this did not happen as Kitchener did not want a command reshuffle with combat imminent.
In his report to Wood about the skirmish, Haig commented on the lack of British machine guns. While later criticized for his failure to optimize the use of machine guns, tommy douglas essay, Haig made a special trip to Enfield to tommy douglas essay the Maxim Gunand throughout the campaign commented on its worth.
Four days later he was made staff officer of brevet Lieutenant-Colonel Broadwood 's cavalry brigade. Haig distinguished himself at his second action, the Battle of Nukheila 6 April — where he supervised the redeployment of squadrons to protect the rear and then launch a flank attack, as Broadwood was busy in the front line.
He was present at the Battle of Atbara 8 Aprilafter which he criticised Kitchener for launching a frontal attack without taking the Dervishes in flank as well. He was promoted to brevet major on 15 November Haig returned to the United Kingdom hoping for a position at the War Office, but was instead appointed May brigade major to the 1st Cavalry Brigade at Aldershot.
Haig had recently lent £2, in a formal contract with interest to the Brigade Commander John French to cover his losses from South African mining speculations. The loan allowed French to maintain his commission. chief staff officer of French's brigade-sized force as it was sent off to the Boer War. French and Haig were ordered to leave Ladysmith as the four-month siege began, tommy douglas essay, to take charge of the new Cavalry Division arriving from the United Kingdom, tommy douglas essay.
The two men escaped on the last train to leave Ladysmith 2 Novemberlying down as it passed through enemy fire. As in the Sudan, Haig continued to be sceptical of the importance of artillery, basing his opinions on interviews with enemy prisoners. After Major-General French's Colesberg Operations to protect Cape Colony, Frederick Robertsnewly arrived as Commander-in-Chief, tommy douglas essay, appointed his protégé Colonel the Earl of Errollover French's protests, to the job tommy douglas essay Assistant Adjutant General of the Cavalry Division, with Haig, who had been promised the job and the local rank of lieutenant-coloneltommy douglas essay, as his deputy.
Cavalry played a leading role in this stage of the war, including the tommy douglas essay of Kimberley 15 Februarywhich featured a spectacular British cavalry charge at Klip Drift. Haig was briefly 21 February given command of the 3rd Cavalry Brigade, then made AAG to the Cavalry Division at last after Erroll was moved to a different job.
French's Division took part in the capture of Bloemfontein 13 March and then Pretoria 5 June Haig privately criticised Roberts for losses to horses exhaustion and lack of feeding and men typhoid and thought him a "silly old man".
After Roberts had won the conventional war, tommy douglas essay, Kitchener was left in charge of fighting the Boers, tommy douglas essay, who had taken to guerrilla warfare. The Cavalry Division was disbanded November and French, with Haig still his chief of staff, was put in charge of an all-arms force policing the Johannesburg area, later trying to capture the Boer leader de Wet around Bloemfontein. In January Haig was given a column of 2, tommy douglas essay, men with the local rank of brigadier-general, patrolling Cape Colony, and chasing Commandant Kritzinger.
As was standard policy at that tommy douglas essay, Haig's actions tommy douglas essay burning farmsteads as part of the scorched earth policies ordered by Lord Kitchener as well as rounding up Boer women and children to be placed in concentration camps. French, probably not wanting to part with a valuable assistant, tommy douglas essay, recommended Herbert Lawrence for the vacant command of the 17th Lancers, but Roberts, now Commander-in-Chief back in Britain, overruled him and gave it to Haig May As the 17th Lancers were in South Africa at the time Haig was able to combine that command with that of his own column.
As the war drew to a close Haig had to locate and escort the Boer leader Jan Christiaan Smuts to the peace negotiations at Vereeninging. Haig was mentioned in despatches four times for his service in South Africa including by Lord Roberts on 31 March[56] and by Lord Kitchener on 23 June [57]and appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath CB in November Following the end of the war, Haig left Cape Town with officers and men of the 17th Lancers on the SS German in late September Haig continued as the commanding officer of the 17th Lancers untilstationed in Edinburgh.
He was tommy douglas essay appointed Inspector-General of Cavalry in British India he would have preferred command of the cavalry brigade at Aldershottommy douglas essay, where French was now General Officer Commanding GOCbut had first to spend a year on garrison duty at Edinburgh until the previous incumbent completed his term. Haig's war service had earned him belated but rapid promotion: having been a captain until the relatively advanced age of thirty-seven, by he had become the youngest tommy douglas essay in the British Army at that time.
He was present at the Rawalpindi Parade to honour the Prince and Princess of Wales' visit to India. At this time a great deal of the energies of the most senior British generals were taken up with the question of whether cavalry should still be trained to charge with sword and lance the view of French and Haig as well as using horses for mobility then fighting dismounted with firearms.
Lord Roberts, now Commander-in-Chief of the British Army, warned Kitchener now Commander-in-Chief, India to be "very firm with Haig" on this issue in the event Kitchener was soon distracted, fromby his quarrel with the Viceroy Lord Curzon, tommy douglas essay, who eventually resignedand wrote tommy douglas essay Haig was a "clever, able fellow" who had great influence over Sir John French.
On leave from India, Haig married Dorothy Maud Vivian — on 11 July after a whirlwind courtship she had spotted him for the first time when he was playing polo at Hurlingham two years earlier, tommy douglas essay. She was a daughter of Hussey Crespigny Vivian and Louisa Duff. Haig had used his leave in to lobby for a job at the War Office, but the proposal was rejected by H.
Arnold-Forster the Secretary of State for War as tommy douglas essay blatantly relying on royal influence. The Boer War had exposed Britain's lack of a general staff and modern reserve army. In the new Liberal Government DecemberRichard HaldaneSecretary of State for Wartommy douglas essay, implemented the Esher recommendations accepted in principle by the outgoing Conservative government.
In August Haig was appointed Director of Military Training on the General Staff at the War Office. Although both men later claimed that the reforms had been to prepare Britain for continental war, they did not create a continental-sized army and it would be truer to say that they created a small professional army within a budget, with conscription politically impossible despite Lord Roberts' campaigning.
The reforms reorganised the militia, yeomanry and volunteers into the new Territorial Force. Haig was intolerant of what he regarded as old-fashioned opinions tommy douglas essay not good at negotiating with strangers.
Haig had wanted a reserve ofmen, tommy douglas essay, but Haldane settled for a more realisticHaig's skills at administration and organising training and inspections were better employed in setting up an Expeditionary Force oftommy douglas essay, men 6 infantry divisions and 1 cavalry — the force which would be deployed to France in in As an intimate of Haldane Haig was able to ensure high priority for cavalry, less for artillery, tommy douglas essay, contrary to the advice of Lord Roberts now retired as Commander-in-Chief whose views were no longer very welcome because his campaign for conscription had made life hard for Haldane.
Haig's records of his time supervising artillery exercises show little interest in technical matters aim, range, accuracy etc. In November Haig was moved sideways to Director of Staff Duties, tommy douglas essay.
He supervised publication of "Field Service Regulations", which was later very useful in expanding the BEF in WW1, although it still stressed the importance of cavalry charging with sword and lance as well as fighting dismounted. At this time he was also completing a separate work, "Cavalry Tommy douglas essay on which topic Haig's admiring biographer James Marshall-Cornwall later wrote that he was "not … among the prophets" [75]and devoting much time to cavalry exercises.
By it seemed likely to Haldane and Haig that an Anglo-German War loomed and Haig was at first reluctant to accept appointment as Chief of the General Staff in India. Haig, who had been knighted for his work at the War Office, was promoted to lieutenant-general in November A plan he envisaged for mobilising the Indian army to send to Europe in the event of war there was vetoed by Viceroy Lord Hardinge.
In the event an Indian Corps would serve on the Western Front early in the conflict, and Indian troops were also used in comparatively small formations tommy douglas essay Middle East. In the Army Manoeuvres of he was decisively beaten by Sir James Grierson despite having the odds in his favour, tommy douglas essay, because of Grierson's superior use of air reconnaissance, tommy douglas essay.
At dinner afterwards Haig abandoned his prepared text, and although he wrote that his remarks were "well received", John Charteris recorded that they were "unintelligible and unbearably dull" and that the visiting dignitaries fell asleep.
Haig's poor public speaking skills aside, the manoeuvres were thought to have shown the reformed army efficient. During the Curragh Mutiny March Haig urged caution on his chief of staff John Goughwhose brother Hubert Gough then a cavalry brigadier, later GOC Fifth Army during the First World War was threatening to resign rather than coerce Ulstermen into a semi-independent Ireland, tommy douglas essay. Haig stressed that the army's duty was to keep the peace and urged his officers not to dabble in politics.
Tommy Douglas, a Canadian National Hero? -- Debate Clip
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Sep 24, · Camryn Hoffarth, Karlee Hoffarth, and Shea Olson, all of Osakis, were named to the President's Roll of Honor at the University of North Dakota for spring , by achieving a cumulative grade Sep 20, · The Carson City School District’s Board of Trustees is pleased to sponsor the 20th Annual American Citizen Essay Contest. Completed essays are due to the Carson City School District at West Essay: Why Fashion is Important. Models backstage at Louis Vuitton’s spring-summer show. Photo Credit: Louis Vuitton. Fashion is one of the most critical industries in our world today. Style has become one of the primary ways in which people express their personality and in which they distinguish themselves from those around them. With
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